Energy grids are the backbone of modern energy infrastructure, enabling the distribution and management of electricity from diverse and increasingly decentralised sources. As energy production moves away from fossil fuels and shifts towards renewables, there is significant opportunity for innovation in both the physical infrastructure as well as the management systems which supply energy across the world. Technological advancements focus on various aspects of energy distribution, such as the effective management of varying energy demand from users and the varying energy supply from renewables, and integration of a diverse range of novel energy sources.